The flat parasitic worms are expressed in our planet's animal systems mainly with Digenetic (Bicarry Cat and Gan) and worms (Bull and Pork San, broadband, Echinococcus).
The disease caused by them is called Helminthias.The nutrients of worms are absorbed by a rotary hole or the surface of their body with a penetration.
List of diseases
Helminthoses are caused by flat helminths classified by different signs - the method of infection, the number of owners, the form of life, etc.
Depending on the presence or absence of an intermediate host, 3 diseases are distinguished:
- Geogelmintosis,In which worms do not need a temporary owner.The worms for geographical stones are positioned in the human body, this is the last master for them.
- Biometical process,Characterized by the fact that the parasites, in addition to the main (final), also needs an intermediary.
- HimenolepidosisOr another way, infectious (communication) Helminthias, in which parasites are transmitted from one person to another.From the human body, parasites are distinguished by adults, ready for further aggression.
Depending on the development features, pathogens are classified:
- by invasion method;
- By the nature of life in the outside environment;
- According to the occupied value in human pathology.
Invasia with Cestodes can occur in different ways through the skin, when swallowing deep eggs, with Carrier's bite.The migration of parasites is often accompanied by a violation of the integrity of tissues and organs.
Important!Typically, Cestodes is locally locally in the digestive tract.But some types of helminths resolve in other organs and systems - liver, lungs, bile ducts.
Helminthosis is a common name for diseases caused by the presence of worms.The invasion of specific types of helminths often wear specific names.Here are some diseases caused by some flat parasites.
Teniarism is a disease that occurs during an infection of a string of cows.Invasia is characterized by significant toxic allergies and indigestion disorders.
Tusiarinchosis belongs to biological disease.That is, the bull tapeworm has the last server (people) and intermediary landlords (cattle).Infections occur by entering the human body when eating uncommon with an infected animal.Parasites are located in the intestine, tied to its walls with suction cups, while ruining the integrity of the intestinal tissue.
Tusiarinchosis usually conducts without symptoms.But in case of serious damage, the following manifestations of the disease occur:
- indigestion;
- nausea;
- bad appetite;
- rich saliva;
- Feeling severe levels in Epigastastia;
- heartburn;
- vomit.
Teniosis is helminth due to pork chain infection.It is characterized by damage to both individual organs (brain, eye) and system disorders (indigestion, violating the functions of the central nervous system).
Pork tapeworm is a parasitic strip in a person's small intestine.The parts of his body, along with eggs, are secreted during the intestinal movement, being eaten by pigs, becoming an intermediary for tapeworm.In addition to pigs, the role of the latter can play rabbits, dogs, rabbits, camels.One is the only last master for Helmint.
For information!They are infected with a string when using pork welded or fried insufficiently, invasive through water and dirty hands are possible.
The clinical picture of Tusias is similar to the expressions of Teniarinchosis, indicating more.People infected with chains may fall into short -term fainting.In the complex form of tissue tissue and organs affected by tapeworm eggs with the formation of aseptic larvae - follicles.Depending on the localization later, seriously violate the activity of the heart and brain, the vision vision (including completely blind) is possible.
Echinococcosis
Echinococcosis is caused by bandages with aleococcus and echinococcus.
Invasion is developing with the participation of two owners:
- Intermediate (omnivores and greedy grass, humans), in which the form of larvae of parasitic helminths;
- Finally (PS - Jackals, Wolves, Foxes), in which the adult of the worms is placed.
Echinococcosis is transmitted to a person from animals, which means they are in their zoone aggression.Infections occur in eggs in hand, vegetables, fruits.
The disease is shown in 2 forms:
- A single -chamber (hydrate, follicle);
- and Echinococcosis multi -chamber (Aleococcosis).
For humans, echinococcosis is the process of forming follicles (Finn) arising in many different organs - heart, liver, lung, bone, brain.Perhaps the formation of metastases is like cancer.
Note!The clinic and the severity of the disease are determined by their size and number of follicles and localization.The affected organs must be subjected to nourishment changes (parenchyma atrophy, stroma sclerosis).The parasitic metabolic products cause toxic allergic reactions.With the break of a festive cyst, anaphylaxis was not excluded.
Himenolepidosis
The disease is caused by a dwarf tapeworm - a relatively small helminth, if we compare it to other representatives of this class.
Tapeworms have a head, neck and small body divided into members.When its eggs enter the human body, they grow in a larvae attached to Villi into the intestinal walls.The larvae turn into young people (cystycecoids), which is an intermediate stage between larvae and mature helminths.
A cystiscoid is a very dangerous dwarf life for owners, because cysticemcoids can destroy intestinal walls with inflammation and erosion formation.The human body reacts with the failure of anemia and signs of poisoning.
Eggs are placed on adults of tapeworms.When helminths reach a certain length, part of his body members with broken eggs and go out with stool.The other part is still in the intestines and continues its life cycle.
Invasia follows the dwarf chain that occurs when drinking dirty water, consumption is no longer made, vegetables and fruits, when tangled with hands with eggs, face and lips.
Hymenolepidosis is manifested by the following main symptoms:
- Quick weight loss;
- stomach pain;
- Strong weakness.
The disease is diagnosed based on analytical results.Treatment is performed by synthetic drugs, the doctor prescribes the dose and the amount of consumption after checking the patient and studying the analytical data.
The main way to prevent infection is to adhere to cleanliness: regular hand washing and bathing, changing clothes, maintaining the bathroom with the help of antiseptic effectively.
Danger for people
Invasias do cestodes (hymenolepidosis, diphylobotriosis, tusi, cystycchosis, shadowirinchosis) are very dangerous diseases, full of complications of life.
It is worth knowing!The manifestations of helminths may vary depending on the systems and organs affected by worms and infection levels.With damage to the central nervous system, the inappropriate behavior, paralysis, epilepsy, hyperactivity may take place.Patients may have headaches and dizziness, weakness, insomnia.
Allergic reactions in the form of edema of Quincke, urticaria or food allergies often occur as an answer for infection.
Significant digestive disorders can be observed, manifested in the form of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, cramped and pain in the abdomen.In some cases, pancreatitis and cholecystitis may grow.The consequence of the function of the gastrointestinal tract, as a rule, is a strong weight loss.
Blood tests can detect anemia and eosinophilia.
Prevent
Prevention is mainly reduced to comply with personal hygiene rules.Without this, it is almost impossible to avoid infection, in an environment where helminths are common.Equally important from the perspective of preventing invasion is the exact heat treatment of meat and other products.
The main recommendations for prevention:
- Be sure to wash your hands when returning from the street, before meals, after consulting the natural needs.
- Only eat clean fruits and vegetables.
- Just drink boiled or bottled water.Even filtered water can contain parasitic eggs, not to mention the source supplied from water without filtering.
- Avoid exposure too close to pets - do not allow them to go to bed, not kiss.Regularly check our younger brothers to be able to use, if necessary, contact a veterinary clinic.
- Wash beds more often and underwear stroke, especially baby.
- Maintain your immunity at an appropriate level.This will allow the body to deal with Helminthias on its own.
- In the presence of cases of infection (business trip or trip to strange countries, stay in high -risk groups), use anti -bacterial drugs.But this must be done no more than 2 times a year with a mandatory consultation with the doctor.
If the infection has occurred, the drug is prescribed by the doctor.These are usually tablets.In more serious cases, injection, drops, irradiation are used.
The means of traditional medicine, with proper use, are also effective in the fight against Helminthias.